Visible thinking
Making learners’ thoughts, questions, reasons, and reflections observable through words, charts, sketches, or shared documentation so thinking can be revisited and discussed.
Real-world extension: Documentation habits also matter in science notebooks, engineering logs, and design reviews.
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Question starts
Prompts such as “Why…?”, “What if…?”, and “How would it be different if…?” that help students generate richer questions at the start, middle, or end of a topic.
Real-world extension: Project Zero designed Creative Question Starts specifically to widen and deepen inquiry.
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See, Think, Wonder
Separates observation, interpretation, and curiosity—slowing snap judgments and opening the door to better evidence-gathering.
Real-world extension: Especially useful in camp spaces where phenomena and objects spark fast reactions.
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Inquiry
Investigating questions through observation, explanation, and evidence. A Question Wall works best when questions are not side chatter but the engine for follow-up.
Real-world extension: Smithsonian inquiry guidance ties public questioning to classroom and informal science.
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Evidence-based reasoning
Giving reasons tied to what you observed or found, not only to what you feel or guess.
Real-world extension: Project Zero’s “What makes you say that?” framing keeps claims connected to evidence.
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Source checking
Asking where information comes from, whether the source could be biased, and how strong the evidence is.
Real-world extension: Connects to internet research, AI outputs, and science communication literacy.
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Knowledge revision
Recognizing that ideas can change as you learn more—turning shifts in thinking into a visible part of learning.
Real-world extension: Routines like “I used to think… now I think…” make revision public and normal.
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Documentation
The public record of questions, observations, drafts, and shifts in understanding—preserving the path of thinking, not just the final answer.
Real-world extension: Valuable in lab records, engineering logs, and design reviews.
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